The first of 72 massive ‘Lego block’ beams gave been lifted into place as HS2 constructs the pioneering Thames Valley Viaduct.
The project is the first of its kind in the UK to have all its major elements manufactured off site. Once complete, the beams – 25 metres long and weighing 90 tonnes each – will support the viaduct’s deck.
Engineers at the site near Aylesbury used two massive cranes to lift the beams into position on top of the viaduct piers, like giant Lego blocks.
Instead of using a more traditional approach, with multiple smaller beams for each span, the design team opted for a simple structural solution with just two larger hollow u-shaped beams per span, which allows for a lighter structure and simpler construction.
The lighter-weight design, inspired by viaducts on the Spanish high speed rail network, also reduces the amount of carbon-intensive concrete and steel in the structure – cutting its carbon footprint by around a third.
Jennifer Lennon, HS2 Ltd’s senior project manager, said: “HS2 will offer zero-carbon journeys from day one, but we’re also working hard to reduce the amount of carbon used in construction. That’s why we’re applying the latest approaches from across Europe to help us cut the amount of embedded carbon in our major structures and speed up construction.
“The post-tensioned double-beam approach used here has enabled the major elements of the viaduct to be manufactured off-site – dramatically improving efficiency, safety and quality while delivering outstanding performance and durability.”
Crossing the flood plain of the River Thame, the 880-metre long viaduct will carry HS2 services between London and Birmingham.
Set low into the landscape with a purposefully simple and consistent profile, the underside of the viaduct will be just 3m above the ground, with 36 even spans crossing the river and surrounding flood plain.
The viaduct was designed by HS2’s main works contractor, EKFB – a team made up of Eiffage, Kier, Ferrovial Construction, and BAM Nuttall – working with specialist on-site construction partner, FC Civils Solutions.
Following the success of the design, a similar approach is also being considered for the nearby Edgcote Viaduct in Northamptonshire.
Traditionally, viaduct beams – even when manufactured off-site – are secured together above each of the piers with a concrete diaphragm which is cast in situ. The larger pre-cast beams that will be used at Thame Valley and Edgcote can be secured directly to one another, removing the need for the diaphragm.
Made to fit
The deck on top of the beams, which will carry the track, will also be made from pre-cast concrete planks. This means that every major element of the structure – the piers, beams, deck planks and parapets – can be pre-fabricated and slotted together.
Tiago Palas, FC Civils Solutions’ Head of Operations, said: “With four beams lifted into position and 36 piers already installed, we’re thrilled with progress made so far. The installation of both the piers and beams has gone smoothly and we’re looking forward to seeing this viaduct coming together. And, despite some adverse weather recently, we’re delivering as planned, and this is really down to the expertise of the team and benefits associated with the construction method we’re using.”
As well as cutting embedded carbon by using less concrete and steel, the pre-fabricated approach also requires fewer lorries to deliver material to site, simplifies construction, cuts waste and reduces disruption for the community during construction. Safety on site is also improved by reducing the amount of work at height.
The 68 giant concrete piers – each weighing 42 tonnes – are also being cast at PACADAR UK’s factory on the Isle of Grain, in Kent. The first 36 piers were lifted into position on top of their foundations since early summer.
HS2 explains that off-site manufacturing also helps spread contract opportunities and supply chain jobs across the UK, with 200 people – including apprentices and graduate engineers from nearby universities – employed on the Isle of Grain, delivering the viaduct and also making tunnel segments for HS2’s London tunnels.
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